世界杯門票昂貴 觀眾多為白人和富人

　　A poll published Sunday on the wealth and race of fans who attended a World Cup match in Brazil illustrated what any TV viewer in the nation has seen: Those attending games are overwhelmingly white and rich。That's particularly striking in Brazil, with its highly mixed population that has more blacks than any country with the exception of Nigeria. More than half of Brazil's population self-identified themselves as black or of mixed-race in the 2010 census。A Datafolha polling group survey published in the Folha de S. Paulo newspaper showed that at Saturday's Brazil versus Chile match, 67 percent of attendees classified themselves as white and 90 percent came from Brazil's top two economic classes, which represent about 15 percent of the country's population。Similar trends have been seen at other Cup matches, though no polls were carried out previously。The Datafolha poll was based on interviews with 693 fans at the Mineirao stadium in Belo Horizonte and had a statistical margin of error of 4 percentage points。

　　周日公布的一項調查顯示，就像全國觀眾在電視機前所看到的一樣，買球票來場邊觀戰的，絕大多數是白人和富人。這一現象值得注意。巴西是個多種族國家，黑人占總人口比例位居世界第二，僅低於尼日利亞。在2010年的人口普查中，超過一半的巴西人認為自己是黑人或混血兒。這份刊登在聖保羅報上的調查結果顯示，在周六巴西和智利的比賽中，67%的現場觀眾稱自己是白人，而90%的觀眾來自巴西兩大頂尖經濟階層，約占全國人口的15%。在其他杯賽中，盡管沒有做調查，但同樣也呈現出類似趨勢。聖保羅報的民意調查是基於在貝洛奧裏藏特(Belo Horizonte)的米內朗球場( Mineirao)對693名球迷進行的采訪，統計誤差為4%左右。

　　"Sure, there are only whites in the stadium. It comes down to money," said Ana Beatriz Ferreira, a 27-year-old parking attendant in Rio de Janeiro, who is black. "Nobody I know could find affordable tickets."That's become a common refrain in Brazil - where the billions spent to build new or upgrade existing football stadiums both raised public ire about how the money was spent and has already caused ticket prices for Brazilian national soccer league matches to rise sharply. Some fans complain that's turned what were once affordable, raucous stadium experiences in Brazil into more costly and less spontaneous visits to storied stadiums like Rio's Maracana。Ferreira added that while the entire Brazilian population has suffered during preparations for the World Cup, mostly because of big construction projects that have snarled traffic and extended already long commutes for the poor who live on the outskirts of cities, she feels like only the rich are reaping the benefits of the real World Cup experience。"All I got was an extra hour on the bus to work, but I can't get a seat at the stadium," she said as she directed cars toward a mall's parking garage in Rio's wealthy southern zone。Face-value prices for the Brazil versus Chile match officially ranged from $200 to $25 for Brazilians, the cheapest tickets making up roughly 5 percent of those sold. They were only available for students, senior citizens or poor people who participate in a government welfare program。The prices are tough for ordinary Brazilians to afford. The minimum wage in the country is $330 a month, just about what Ferreira said she earns。In an emailed statement, FIFA said that during group stage matches, it sold a total of 143,364 of the cheapest tickets, which amounted to roughly 3,000 such tickets available per match。Those quickly sold out, locking out the vast majority of fans in soccer-mad Brazil。Marcos Carvalho, an 18-year-old Brazilian fan who was hanging out near the Estadio Nacional in Brasilia before Brazil played Cameroon earlier this week, said that he "didn't even try getting tickets, they were too expensive.""There was no way we could afford them," he said. "We'll just watch the match at home, it's all we can do. We are seeing everyone going to the stadium, everyone happy, but we won't be going."

　　今年27歲的黑人安娜(Ana Beatriz Ferreira)是裏約的一名看車員，她說：“門票那麼貴，當然隻有白人才買得起，進去看球怎麼可能輪到我？”巴西政府動用數十億資金建立新球場或擴建現有球場已觸發眾怒，並導致票價飛漲，這是路人皆知的事情。對此，一些球迷抱怨，曾經負擔得起的現場體驗變得更加昂貴，想要去諸如馬拉卡納等傳奇球館的熱情也變淡了。安娜還補充道，在巴西籌辦世界杯期間，巴西人民卻在遭罪。由於大型建設項目造成交通擁擠，耽誤了居住在城市郊區窮人的上下班時間，她認為隻有富人才會在世界杯倍感享受。安娜上班的地方位於富人區的一家購物中心的車庫，她抱怨道：“我去上班的路上要多花費一小時，但我卻得不到一個現場看球的機會。“巴西對智利比賽的正式票價範圍在200美元到25美元之間。最便宜的門票大約占5%的銷售額。這些門票隻為學生、老年人和政府福利計劃的窮人提供。安娜的工資也就是巴西的最低月薪，僅330美元。因此門票對普通老百姓來說實在過於昂貴。在一份電郵聲明中，國際足聯表示，在小組賽中，三等票總計售出143364張，相當於每場比賽就賣出了3000張。門票很快銷售一空，隻是大多卻不是落到鐵杆球迷的手中。馬科斯卡瓦略是一名18歲的巴西球迷，本周早些時候，在巴西利亞國家體育館閑逛的他表示：“我們甚至壓根就沒想過買票這事。門票太貴了，我們根本買不起，能做的也就是在家看看球了。我們看著去那些現場觀戰興高采烈的人們，但我們自己卻去不了，這真令人難過。”

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