中法發表氣候變化聯合聲明

France and China agree to monitor climate change pledges

英國《金融時報》 邁克爾˙斯托瑟德 巴黎報道

China and France have agreed that any global pact on climate change at a meeting in Paris next month should include a mechanism to monitor progress on emission cuts every five years, with a view to ratcheting up commitments.

中國和法國一致認為，下月巴黎會議期間達成的任何全球氣候變化協定，都應該包括一套每五年監測減排進展的機製，以期加大減排承諾力度。

Fran?ois Hollande, France’s president, said that support for a monitoring system from China, the world’s biggest polluter, was a “major step” forward that created a “likelihood the Paris conference will succeed”.

法國總統弗朗索瓦?奧朗德(Fran?ois Hollande)表示，身為全球最大汙染來源國的中國支持創建一個監測體係，是向著“巴黎會議將取得成功的可能性”邁出的“一大步”。

Mr Hollande was meeting Chinese president Xi Jinping in Beijing as Paris prepares to host delegates from nearly 200 countries to try to strike an accord to keep the rise in global temperatures below 2C, an internationally-agreed goal scientists say should be met to avoid risky changes in the climate.

奧朗德是在北京會晤中國國家主席習近平的時候，同中方達成上述協議的。巴黎方麵正準備迎接近200個國家的代表，試圖達成一項協定，把全球升溫幅度限製在不超過2攝氏度的範圍內，這是國際社會同意的一個目標。科學家們稱，它對於避免氣候出現危險的變化是必要的。

France wants to reach agreement on a monitoring mechanism by the end of the Paris talks to allow for increased cuts to emissions in the future.

法國希望在巴黎會議結束前就一套監測機製達成協議，為未來加大減排幅度開辟空間。

“[The agreement] doesn’t mean that the Paris conference is definitely going to be a success, but the conditions for success have been laid down in Beijing today,” said Mr Hollande.

“（這個協議）並不意味著巴黎會議肯定會取得成功，但成功的條件今日已在北京奠定，”奧朗德表示。

This is in part because, according to the UN, the current pledges made by nearly 150 nations ahead of the conference will not be enough to meet the 2C target by the end of the century.

這在一定程度上是因為，根據聯合國的說法，近150個國家在會前作出的承諾，將不足以達到本世紀末升溫幅度不超過2攝氏度的目標。

Environmental groups on Monday said the bilateral agreement between France and China was a step forward, showing intent by Beijing, and was in stark contrast to the country’s level of engagement ahead of the Copenhagen summit in 2009.

環保團體周一表示，法國和中國之間達成的雙邊協議確實是向前邁出的一步，展現出北京方麵的意願，這與中國在2009年哥本哈根峰會之前的參與度形成強烈對比。

Jennifer Morgan, director of the climate programme at the World Resources Institute, said the support of China for this mechanism would help “put pressure on others,” such as the US and India to support it as well.

世界資源研究所(World Resources Institute)氣候計劃總監珍妮弗?摩根(Jennifer Morgan)表示，中國對這一機製的支持將有助於“對其他國家施壓”，迫使美國和印度等國家也表態支持。

But the agreement was labelled an “incremental step forward” by campaigners at Greenpeace, who highlighted the vague language.

但綠色和平組織(Greenpeace)活動人士形容這項協議是“向前邁出的一小步”，他們指出協議的措辭相當含糊。

The statement said that each signatory to the Paris accord should have their progress reviewed every five years to see if they are achieving their “approved long-term goals”

《中法元首氣候變化聯合聲明》稱，巴黎協定的締約方應該每五年盤點實現“經議定長期目標”的總體進展。

But it remained unclear who would conduct the review or how it would be enforced, leaving the details to be hammered out in the coming weeks.

但尚不清楚將由誰進行盤點，或者它將如何得到執行，把具體細節留到未來幾周敲定。

“This is no time for champagne. This bilateral statement should be another springboard instead of the last word for the Paris agreement,” said Jean-Francois Julliard, executive director of Greenpeace France.

“現在還不到開香檳的時候。這種雙邊聲明應該是又一個跳板，而不是巴黎協定的定論，”綠色和平法國的執行主任讓-弗朗索瓦?朱利亞爾(Jean-Francois Julliard)表示。

Mr Hollande said on Monday he wanted not just a mechanism but “the necessary upward revision of the national pledges every five years” included in the Paris agreement. However, this language was not in the declaration signed between Mr Hollande and Mr Xi.

奧朗德周一表示，他想要的不隻是一個機製，而是在巴黎協定中納入“每五年對各國的承諾作必要上調”。但在奧朗德和習近平簽署的聯合聲明中看不到這方麵的表態。

The two presidents did declare their intention to release their own national strategies to develop low-carbon economies by 2050 as soon as possible within the next five years.

兩位國家領導人確實宣告，他們計劃在未來五年盡早公布各自的2050年國家低碳發展戰略。

The state visit and joint-statement highlights the intense diplomatic efforts being made by Mr Hollande ahead of the Paris conference, which the government is keen to make a success.

國事訪問和聯合聲明突顯奧朗德在巴黎會議之前作出密集的外交努力，他的政府熱衷於確保此次會議取得成功。

China is a critical player in the negotiations. The success of the conference may hinge on debates over whether developed or developing countries should bear more of the burden for reducing emissions, and how this will be financed.

中國是氣候談判的關鍵參與者。本次會議的成功可能取決於這樣的辯論：發達國家或發展中國家誰應該承擔更多減排負擔？減排的資金如何落實？

譯者/和風