London
is
the
fifth
most
expensive
city
in
the
world
inwhich
to
live
and
work,
but
its
workers
are
notamong
the
top
10
average
earners
globally.
在全球生活成本最昂貴城市的排名中,倫敦位列第五,但倫敦勞動者的平均收入卻未能在全球躋身前十位之列。
The
findings,
from
UBS,
the
Swiss
bank,
show
that
the
widely
held
belief
among
Londoners
thatthe
city
is
painfully
pricey
to
live
in
has
some
basis
in
reality.
瑞銀(UBS)的研究結果表明,倫敦人對於倫敦是一個生活成本高昂得令人痛苦的城市的普遍看法,是有一些現實依據的。
“This
suggests
London
isn’t
a
highly
priced
labour
market
in
terms
of
the
purchasing
power
ofgoods
[and]
labour
remains
quite
competitive
from
a
business
perspective,”
said
Bill
O’Neill,head
of
the
UK
investment
office
at
UBS
Wealth
Management.
“這表明,就商品購買力而言,倫敦不是一個高價的勞動力市場,而從商業角度來說,其勞動市場的競爭依然相當激烈,”瑞銀財富管理(UBS
Wealth
Management)英國投資辦事處主管比爾攠尼爾(Bill
O’Neill)表示。
Excluding
rent,
London
is
the
sixth
most
expensive
city
in
the
world,
and
workers’
grossearnings
are,
on
average,
the
13th
highest.
剔除房租,倫敦是全球生活成本第六昂貴的城市,而倫敦勞動者的平均總收入則在全球排名第十三位。
UBS
compared
prices,
wages
and
earners’
purchasing
power
in
71
cities
worldwide
in
nominalUS$
terms.
It
found
that,
based
on
the
prices
for
a
standardised
basket
of
122
goods
andservices,
Zurich,
Geneva
and
New
York
City
were
the
most
expensive
cities
in
the
world.
Thecost
of
living
was
lowest
in
eastern
Europe,
with
Kiev
the
cheapest
city
in
which
to
live
andwork.
瑞銀按名義美元比較了71個城市的物價、薪資和勞動者購買力。根據由122種商品和服務組成的標準化籃子的價格,瑞銀發現蘇黎世、日內瓦和紐約市是世界上生活成本最昂貴的前三個城市。東歐的生活成本最低,其中基輔是全球生活成本最低的城市。
UBS
also
found
that,
since
the
financial
crisis,
there
had
been
marked
divergence
in
relativelabour
costs
within
the
eurozone.
Since
2009,
gross
hourly
wages
have
fallen
by
2
per
cent
inDublin,
by
15
per
cent
in
Lisbon,
but
had
risen
11
per
cent
in
Milan.
瑞銀還發現,在金融危機之後,歐元區各國的相對勞動力成本出現了明顯分化。2009年後,都柏林的總時薪降低了2%,裏斯本降低了15%,而米蘭則上升了11%。
Workers
in
Zurich,
Geneva,
and
Luxembourg
earn
the
highest
gross
wages.
In
Nairobi,
Jakartaand
Kiev,
workers
receive
only
about
a
20th
of
average
gross
earnings
in
Zurich.
Salaries
wentfurthest
in
Luxembourg,
Zurich
and
Geneva,
whereas
those
in
Nairobi
and
Jakarta
had
thelowest
purchasing
power.
蘇黎世、日內瓦和盧森堡的勞動者的總薪資最高。內羅畢、雅加達和基輔的勞動者平均收入僅為蘇黎世的5%左右。盧森堡、蘇黎世和日內瓦的購買力最高,而內羅畢和雅加達的購買力則最低。
It
would
take
workers
in
London
more
than
41
hours
to
earn
enough
money
to
buy
an
iPhone
6,compared
with
less
than
30
hours
in
US
and
Swiss
cities.
A
Big
Mac
costs
almost
three
hours
ofaverage
earnings
in
Nairobi,
compared
with
just
nine
minutes
in
Hong
Kong
—
the
lowest
—and
12
minutes
in
London.
倫敦勞動者需要工作逾41個小時才能賺到足夠買一部iPhone6的錢,而美國和瑞士城市的勞動者隻需不到30個小時的工作時間。在內羅畢,買一個巨無霸幾乎需要三個小時的平均收入,而在香港僅需9分鍾——香港的這一數值是全球最低的——在倫敦則需要12分鍾。
But
the
affordability
of
a
Big
Mac
in
Hong
Kong
came
at
a
price.
People
in
Hong
Kong
work
thelongest
hours,
four
more
a
day
than
workers
in
Paris,
who
spend
the
fewest
hours
at
work.
但香港人對巨無霸的購買力是有代價的。香港勞動者的工作時長是全球最長的,平均每個工作日比巴黎勞動者多4個小時,後者是工作時長最短的。
On
average
people
worked
over
2,000
hours
a
year
in
19
major
cities,
most
of
them
in
Asia
andthe
Middle
East.
有19個城市——其中大多數位於亞洲和中東——的勞動者平均每年工作時長超過2000個小時。
The
shortest
work
schedule
and
highest
number
of
days
of
paid
vacation
are
enjoyed
byworkers
in
western
Europe.
西歐勞動者則享受最短的工作時長和最多的帶薪休假天數。
The
UBS
study
of
wages
and
prices
has
been
running
since
1971.
The
last
one,
in
2012,
foundthat
London
was
the
10th
priciest
city
in
the
world,
and
wages
were
the
19th
highest.
瑞銀對薪資和物價的研究從1971年持續至今。上一次瑞銀發布研究結果是在2012年,當時倫敦在全球城市生活成本排名中位列第十,其薪資水平則排在第十九位。