TPP成員國承諾相互間不打貨幣戰爭

Trade pact nations back promise on currency wars

英國《金融時報》 肖恩˙唐南 華盛頓報道

The US, Japan and 10 other countries joining a vast new Pacific Rim trade zone have pledged not to engage in currency wars with each other and to disclose any interventions in foreign ex-change markets.

美國、日本和其他10個加入一個廣袤的環太平洋新貿易區的國家承諾，不對彼此發動貨幣戰爭，同時將披露任何幹預外彙市場的情況。

The currency vow yesterday came alongside the release of the full text of the Trans-Pacific Partnership, which US President Barack Obama called a break from past trade agreements that “haven’t always lived up to the hype”.

不打貨幣戰爭的誓言出爐之際，《跨太平洋夥伴關係協定》(TPP)全文發表。美國總統巴拉克?奧巴馬(Barack Obama)稱其與以往那些“並未總能兌現炒作”的貿易協定完全不同。

The pledge is aimed at addressing one of the biggest gripes of US critics of the TPP, including Democratic presidential frontrunner Hillary Clinton, who claim that countries such as China and Japan have competed unfairly by intervening to keep the value of the renminbi or the yen artificially low to benefit exporters.

這個承諾旨在化解美國國內TPP批評者的最大不滿之一。目前在民主黨總統候選人提名角逐中領先的希拉裏?克林頓(Hillary Clinton)就是批評者之一，她聲稱中國和日本等國通過幹預彙市壓低人民幣或者日元讓出口商受惠，進行不公平競爭。

While it is not officially part of the TPP, the pledge to avoid competitive devaluations and to be more transparent about both the composition of central banks’ forex reserves and interventions in markets is contained in a parallel declaration that all existing and future members will be required to sign, US officials said. The declaration also establishes an annual forum to discuss currency issues.

盡管並不是TPP正式內容的一部分，但美國官員們表示，這項避免競爭性貨幣貶值、並提高央行外彙儲備構成和對市場幹預透明度的承諾，包含在一份並行聲明中，是所有現有和未來的成員國都需要簽署的。該聲明還建立了一個討論彙率問題的年度論壇機製。

Countries, however, will not be subject to any trade penalties if they break the pledge, a point quickly seized on by critics yesterday.

不過，批評者昨日迅速抓住的一點是，如果某些國家違反了這個承諾，它們不會受到任何貿易懲罰。

“The currency forum does nothing to change the status quo. It falls outside [the] TPP, and it fails to include dispute settlement mechanisms to ensure global rules prohibiting currency manipulation are enforced,” carmaker Ford

“貨幣論壇不會改變現狀。它落在TPP以外，未能納入爭端解決機製，以確保禁止彙率操縱的全球規則得到執行，”希望TPP納入嚴格的彙率規則的主要支持者、汽車製造商福特(Ford)表示。

, a leading proponent of including tough currency rules in the TPP, said.

譯者/許雯佳