對立法：先引出其他人的不同看法，然後提出自己的看法或者偏向於某一看法，適用於有爭議性的主題。
1.When asked about..., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that …. But I think/view a bit differently。
2.When it comes to ...., some people believe that…. Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true. There is probably some truth in both arguments/statements, but I tend to the former/latter。
3.Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that..... They claim/ believe/argue that ... But I wonder/doubt whether...。。
現象法：引出要剖析的現象或者問題，然後評論。
1.Recently the rise in the problem/phenomenon of ... has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern。
2.Recently the issue of the problem/phenomenon of ...has been brought into focus/into public attention。
3.Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality ... is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly。
觀點法：開門見山，直接了當地提出自己對要討論的問題的看法。
1.Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginning/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that.。。
2.Now there is a(n)growing awareness/recognition of the necessity to.。。
3.Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of ..。。
引用法：先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法，來引出文章要展開論述的觀點。
1."Knowledge is power." This is the remark made by Bacon. This remark has been shared by more and more people。
2."Education is not complete with graduation." This is the opinion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opinion。
3."...." We often hear statements/words like those/this. [4] We often hear such traditional complains as this "...."。
比較法：通過對過去、現在兩種不同的傾向、觀點的比較，引出文章要討論的觀點。
1.For years, ...had been viewed as .... But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing ..., people ..。。
2.People used to think that ... (In the past, ..。。) But people now share this new idea。
故事法：先講一個較短的故事來引發讀者的興趣，引出文章的主題。(建議少用)
1.Once in (a newspaper)， I read of/learnt..... The phenomenon of ... has aroused public concern。
2.I have a friend who ... Should he ....? Such a dilemma we are often confronted with in our daily life。
3.Once upon a time, there lived a man who .... This story may be (unbelievable)， but it still has a realistic significance now。